{"id":2990,"date":"2021-03-12T07:58:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-12T07:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/paju.org\/?p=2990"},"modified":"2021-03-12T15:02:26","modified_gmt":"2021-03-12T15:02:26","slug":"end-of-occupation-no-1048","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paju.org\/fr\/end-of-occupation-no-1048\/","title":{"rendered":"End of Occupation \u00bb No 1048"},"content":{"rendered":"

ICC launches Palestine war crimes probe<\/strong><\/h3>\n

By Maureen Clare Murphy<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"The International Criminal Court has opened a formal investigation into war crimes in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, chief prosecutor Fatou Bensouda\u00a0confirmed on Wednesday<\/a>.Bensouda\u2019s announcement was\u00a0welcomed<\/a>\u00a0as \u201ca historic day in the decades-long Palestinian campaign for international justice and accountability\u201d by Palestinian human rights groups leading those efforts.<\/p>\n

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who will likely be subjected to ICC scrutiny,\u00a0branded<\/a> the investigation as \u201cthe essence of anti-Semitism.\u201d The ICC\u2019s announcement of an investigation came less than a month after a panel of judges\u00a0confirmed<\/a>\u00a0that the court\u2019s territorial jurisdiction extends to the Palestinian territories under Israeli military occupation.<\/p>\n

In December 2019, Bensouda concluded a lengthy preliminary investigation,\u00a0stating<\/a> that criteria for war crimes investigations in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip had been met. The ICC investigation will cover crimes committed since June 2014, when the situation in Palestine was referred to the international tribunal.<\/p>\n

\u201cObliged to<\/strong> act\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bensouda stated that her office \u201cwill set priorities\u201d for the investigation \u201cin light of the operational challenges we confront from the pandemic, the limited resources we have available to us, and our current heavy workload.\u201d She added that in situations in which the prosecutor determines a reasonable basis to investigate, the prosecutor\u2019s office \u201cis obliged to act.\u201d<\/p>\n

The court\u2019s next step will be to notify Israel and the Palestinian authorities, permitting each state party to conduct relevant investigations \u201cof its own nationals or others within its jurisdiction\u201d in relation to crimes that fall under the ICC\u2019s mandate. The ICC\u00a0defers<\/a>\u00a0to a country\u2019s internal investigations, where they exist, under the\u00a0principle of complementarity<\/a>\u00a0which holds that \u201cstates have the first responsibility and right to prosecute international crimes.\u201d<\/p>\n

Israel has a self-investigation system \u2013 albeit one\u00a0described<\/a> by B\u2019Tselem, a leading human rights group in the country, as a whitewashing mechanism that insulates the military and political leadership from accountability. In late 2019, Bensouda stated that her office\u2019s assessment \u201cof the scope and genuineness\u201d of Israel\u2019s domestic proceedings \u201cremains ongoing at this stage.\u201d<\/p>\n

She had, however, \u201cconcluded that the potential cases concerning crimes allegedly committed by members of Hamas and PAGs [Palestinian armed groups] would currently be admissible.\u201dIn her statement on Wednesday, Bensouda said that the assessment of complementarity \u201cwill remain ongoing\u201d and she suggested that the matter may be deliberated by a panel of judges in a pre-trial chamber.<\/p>\n

Given that Israel\u2019s settlement enterprise in the West Bank is unambiguously state policy backed by its highest-ranking members of government, it will likely be a primary focus of the ICC\u2019s probe. Like the question of territorial jurisdiction, complementarity will likely be a\u00a0major sticking point<\/a>\u00a0for the court\u2019s investigation in Palestine.<\/p>\n

\u201cUtmost urgency\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Welcoming Bensouda\u2019s announcement on Wednesday, Palestinian human rights groups urged \u201cthat there be no undue delay, and that the utmost urgency be brought to bear.\u201d But Bensouda set an expectation for less than expeditious proceedings, stating that \u201cinvestigations take time and they must be grounded objectively in facts and law.\u201d<\/p>\n

She urged patience from \u201cPalestinian and Israeli victims and affected communities,\u201d adding that \u201cthe ICC is not a panacea.\u201d Alluding to an argument made by Israel\u2019s allies that an investigation would jeopardize future bilateral negotiations, Bensouda said that \u201cthe pursuit of peace and justice should be seen as mutually reinforcing imperatives.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bensouda said on Wednesday that the court would focus \u201cits attention on the most notorious alleged offenders or those alleged to be the most responsible for the commission of the crimes.\u201d Netanyahu\u2019s election campaign promises to annex West Bank land was mentioned by Bensouda in her request to the pre-trial chamber on territorial jurisdiction.<\/p>\n

Media have reported that the Israeli government has a list of hundreds of officials who might be investigated and prosecuted by the court, which tries individuals, not states. Israeli officials claim that some ICC member states \u201chave agreed to give advance warning to Israel of any intent to arrest\u201d its citizens upon arrival to their countries.<\/p>\n

Providing tip-offs that could allow suspects to escape investigation or arrest would likely violate the obligations that member states have under the ICC\u2019s founding Rome Statute to cooperate with the court\u2019s work.<\/p>\n

Political pressure<\/strong><\/p>\n

On Wednesday, Bensouda said that \u201cwe count on the support and cooperation of the parties [Israel and Palestinian armed groups], as well as all States Parties to the Rome Statute. \u201dThe ICC, however, will come under tremendous political pressure as powerful states like the US, Canada and Australia oppose any investigation of their ally Israel.<\/p>\n

Last year, Canada made a\u00a0thinly veiled threat<\/a> to withdraw financial support to the ICC should it proceed with an investigation. The Trump administration in Washington\u00a0imposed economic sanctions<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0visa restrictions<\/a>\u00a0on Bensouda and members of her staff.<\/p>\n

The extreme measures put the court personnel in the company of\u00a0\u201cterrorists and narcotics traffickers\u201d<\/a> or individuals and groups working on behalf of countries sanctioned by the US. While President Joe Biden has signed a\u00a0flurry of executive orders<\/a>\u00a0reversing measures by his predecessor, the new US leader has allowed the ICC sanctions to remain in place.<\/p>\n

Amid\u00a0pressure<\/a> to lift the sanctions, the White House is promising only to \u201cthoroughly review them.\u201d During his first phone call with President Biden, Netanyahu urged that the sanctions\u00a0remain in place<\/a>. Israel has meanwhile directed its vitriol at Palestinian human rights defenders, particularly those engaged with international justice mechanisms like the ICC.<\/p>\n

Its tactics have\u00a0included<\/a> \u201carbitrary arrests, travel bans and residency revocations, as well as attacks on Palestinian human rights organizations, including raids.\u201d Balkees Jarrah, an associate director at Human Rights Watch, stated on Wednesday that \u201cICC member countries should stand ready to fiercely protect the court\u2019s work from any political pressure.\u201d<\/p>\n

Jarrah added that \u201call eyes will also be on the next prosecutor Karim Khan to pick up the baton and expeditiously move forward while demonstrating firm independence in seeking to hold even the most powerful to account.\u201d<\/p>\n

Adapted from:<\/strong> https:\/\/electronicintifada.net\/blogs\/maureen-clare-murphy\/icc-launches-palestine-war-crimes-probe?fbclid=IwAR3-aFeoGvGmEQcZHEEaDSqUFfaShUBsGLWPpBv1cwskLp77dC7msXnRSug<\/a><\/p>\n

DISTRIBUTED BY PAJU (PALESTINIAN AND JEWISH UNITY)<\/strong><\/p>\n

PAJUMONTREAL.ORG\/EN<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ICC launches Palestine war crimes probe By Maureen Clare Murphy The International Criminal Court has opened a formal investigation into war crimes in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, chief […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bulletin","category-non-classifiee"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEnd of Occupation \u00bb No 1048 - PAJU<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/paju.org\/fr\/end-of-occupation-no-1048\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"End of Occupation \u00bb No 1048 - 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